Understanding Scoliosis: Types, Symptoms and Treatment

What is Scoliosis

Scoliosis, a sideways curvature of the spine, is a common condition affecting children and adolescents. While often mild, it can progress and lead to pain and postural issues. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Types of Scoliosis

There are several types of scoliosis, including:

Congenital Scoliosis:

Present at birth due to spinal abnormalities.

Neuromuscular Scoliosis:

Associated with conditions like cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy

Idiopathic Scoliosis:

The most common type, with no known cause.

Before Treatment

After Treatment

Spotting the Signs of Scoliosis

Recognizing the early warning signs of scoliosis is essential. Parents and caregivers should be vigilant for:

• Uneven shoulders, hips, or waistline

• A noticeable rib hump

• Head tilting or body leaning to one side

• Back pain

• Difficulty finding clothes that fit properly

Comprehensive Scoliosis Treatment in Singapore:

Non-Surgical Treatments: For scoliosis with a curve of less than 25 degrees, specific exercises called Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE) can help manage the condition. These exercises, when done correctly and regularly under the guidance of a certified professional, can sometimes delay or even avoid the need for a brace.

For curves between 25 and 45 degrees, a combination of bracing and PSSE is recommended. The goal is to prevent the curve from worsening during the growth phase.

When Surgery is Needed: Surgery is usually only considered for curves 50 degrees or more, especially if the curve continues to worsen.

What Are PSSE (Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises)?

As scoliosis causes the spine to curve, the surrounding muscles may weaken. PSSE strengthens the core, spinal, and postural muscles, improving posture and helping to manage scoliosis. These exercises include:

• 3D self-correction: Adjusting the spine in three dimensions to a more neutral position.

• Daily living training: Learning how to maintain correct posture in everyday activities.

• Stabilization: Keeping the corrected posture steady.

PSSE is not a replacement for surgery or bracing but can be a valuable part of a treatment plan, improving appearance, reducing pain, and aiding breathing.

Popular PSSE Methods:

• Schroth Method: A widely recommended exercise approach for scoliosis.

• SEAS (Scientific Exercise Approach to Scoliosis): An Italian method focusing on individualized exercises.

• FITS (Functional Individual Therapy of Scoliosis): A Polish approach that tailors’ therapy to each person.

Schroth Method

SEAS

FITS

Before

After

Bracing: Preventing the Curve from Worsening

A high-quality brace with proper design can effectively prevent the progression of spinal curvature. Patients who diligently wear these braces as prescribed and complement them with PSSE exercises are more likely to halt the worsening of the curve.

A variety of brace types are available in Singapore and Malaysia, including the Rigo Cheneau brace, Gensingen brace, Boston brace, Spinecor (soft brace), and Chêneau principle brace. To optimize spinal balance and treatment outcomes, we strongly recommend 3D designed braces created using both side and front/back X-rays to accurately address the three-dimensional nature of scoliosis.

The Bottom Line

While scoliosis can’t be fully cured, early treatment can help manage the condition and prevent it from worsening. Non-surgical methods like exercises and bracing are often effective, and surgery is only needed in severe cases. By acting early, you can help your child lead a healthier, more active life.